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[目的]分析一起学校诺如病毒感染性腹泻暴发的特点和流行原因,为制定防控对策提供科学依据。[方法]采用现场流行病学调查方法,结合临床表现及实验室检测结果进行分析。[结果]某中学共发生感染性腹泻病例1252例,罹患率43.52%,其中学生1239例,占98.96%;疫情波及所有的高中和初中年级和班级,发病年龄集中在14~20岁,男女性别比为1.01:1。住宿生发病率高于走读生,差异有统计学意义。高峰期为10月6~9日,共发病1135例,占发病总数的90.65%;患者主要表现为腹泻、腹痛、呕吐等胃肠炎症状,症状较轻。喝生水和在学校食堂就餐为发病的高危因素。采集21例腹泻患者粪便标本,6例病例诺如病毒检测阳性;自备水源水细菌总数检测超标。[结论]此次疫情为诺如病毒引起的感染性腹泻暴发,自备水源受污染可能是导致暴发的主要原因。
[Objective] To analyze the characteristics and causes of epidemic of norovirus infectious diarrhea in school and provide a scientific basis for making prevention and control measures. [Methods] The method of field epidemiology was used to analyze the clinical manifestations and laboratory test results. [Results] A total of 1,252 cases of infectious diarrhea occurred in a middle school, with an attack rate of 43.52%, of whom 1239 were students, accounting for 98.96%. The outbreaks were affected by all high school and junior high school grades and classes. The age of onset was between 14 and 20 years old. The ratio is 1.01: 1. The incidence of boarding students was higher than that of boarding students, the difference was statistically significant. The peak was October 6 to 9, a total of 1135 cases of disease, accounting for 90.65% of the total number of cases; the main manifestations of patients with diarrhea, abdominal pain, vomiting and other symptoms of gastroenteritis, mild symptoms. Drinking raw water and dining in the school cafeteria for the risk factors. 21 cases of diarrhea patients stool specimens collected, 6 cases of Norovirus detection positive; bring their own source of water, total bacterial count exceeded. [Conclusion] The outbreak was the outbreak of infectious diarrhea caused by Norovirus. The contamination of own water source may be the main reason leading to the outbreak.