目的:探讨在非小细胞肺癌(non-small-cell lung cancer,NSCLC)术中分别使用电视纵隔镜及标准纵隔镜所取淋巴结样本对判断是否发生肿瘤组织转移的准确性。方法:在NSCLC术中经同一个进镜孔,由术者分别使用标准纵隔胸腔镜和电视纵隔胸腔镜取气管两侧淋巴结,对两种方法取淋巴结病理学检查结果进行比较分析。结果:分别采用标准纵隔镜及电视纵隔镜对26例患者各自取得97个和103个淋巴结样本。标准纵隔镜检发现6例患者有淋巴结转移,电视纵隔镜检发现9例患者有淋巴结转移。电视纵隔镜检查诊断淋巴结转移的准确率为92.3%,而标准纵隔镜检查诊断淋巴结转移准确率为80.7%,两者阴性预测率分别为88.2%和75%(P=0.002)。结论:与标准纵隔镜检查相比较,电视纵隔镜检查可更有效地对NSCLC患者是否发生淋巴结转移进行诊断。 Objective: To investigate the accuracy of tumor tissue metastasis by using mediastinoscopy and standard mediastinoscopy in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: In the same procedure of NSCLC, the surgeons used the standard mediastinoscopy and the mediastinum thoracoscopy respectively to take the lymph nodes on both sides of the trachea. The pathological results of the two methods were compared and analyzed. RESULTS: Twenty-seven and 103 lymph node samples were obtained from 26 patients using standard mediastinoscopy and video mediastinoscopy respectively. Standard mediastinoscopy found that 6 patients had lymph node metastasis, and mediastinoscopy found that 9 patients had lymph node metastasis. The accuracy rate of mediastinoscopy diagnosis of lymph node metastasis was 92.3%, while the standard mediastinoscopy diagnosis of lymph node metastasis accuracy was 80.7%, the negative predictive rates were 88.2% and 75% (P = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: Compared with standard mediastinoscopy, mediastinoscopy can be more effective in diagnosing lymph node metastases in NSCLC patients.