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利用非线性弹性材料对多层圆柱结构进行接触预紧 ,涉及到几何非线性和材料非线性以及接触面上摩擦力的影响。当材料间刚度差别较大时 ,刚度低的材料呈现大变形特征 ,加大了几何非线性的程度。结构内部预紧力的大小和分布与结构的整体刚度、结合部位的局部刚度、过盈配合程度、接触面积等因素有关。本文对以橡胶作为预紧垫层的双层金属柱体的预紧过程进行了力学实验和数值模拟。预紧后的模型受中心集中力的作用 ,以得到橡胶垫层在复杂载荷作用下的状况。在数值模拟模型中 ,接触面采用直接约束模型 ,摩擦力的模拟选用库仑摩擦模型 ,预紧力的施加与力学实验模型相同 ,利用两个金属半圆环逐步压紧橡胶材料。数值模拟结果和实验数据吻合较好 ,表明结构非线性大变形接触预紧模拟的数值模型是合理的。
The use of non-linear elastic material for multi-layer cylindrical contact preload, involving the geometric nonlinearity and material nonlinearities and the contact surface friction. When the stiffness difference between materials is large, the material with low stiffness presents the characteristics of large deformation, which increases the degree of geometric nonlinearity. The size and distribution of internal pre-tightening force are related to the overall stiffness of the structure, the local stiffness of the joint, the degree of interference fit, and the contact area. In this paper, the mechanical experiment and numerical simulation are carried out on the pre-tightening process of bilayer metal cylinder with rubber as pre-tensioning cushion. The pre-tightened model is concentrated by the center to get the rubber under the action of complex loads. In the numerical simulation model, the contact surface adopts the direct constraint model, the friction force simulation uses the Coulomb friction model, and the pre-tightening force is applied in the same way as the mechanical experiment model. The rubber material is gradually pressed by two metal semi-circular rings. The result of numerical simulation is in good agreement with the experimental data, which shows that it is reasonable to use the numerical simulation model of nonlinear large deformation contact preloading.