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目的分析2005-2013年深圳市南山区疑似预防接种异常反应发生情况及监测系统运转情况,评价监测系统运转灵敏性及预防接种疫苗的安全性。方法通过疑似预防接种异常反应信息管理系统,收集整理2005-2013年深圳市南山区报告的疑似预防接种异常反应个案,采用描述性方法对相关指标进行分析。结果 2005-2013年深圳市南山区共报告疑似预防接种异常反应病例600例,其中≤1岁占42.50%,男女性别比为1.5∶1,9月份(92例,占15.33%)报告病例最多。一般反应436例,占61.1%,异常反应139例,占23.17%。282例(47.00%)在接种疫苗1 d内发生,54.83%发生在接种该种疫苗的第1剂次。59.17%出现发热症状,32.67%出现局部红肿,14.50%出现局部硬结。结论深圳市南山区疑似预防接种异常反应监测工作逐步规范,疑似预防接种异常反应常发生在小年龄儿童、第1剂次、接种后1 d内,为监测重点。
Objective To analyze the occurrence of suspected immunization and the operation of surveillance system in Nanshan District, Shenzhen from 2005 to 2013, evaluate the sensitivity of monitoring system and the safety of vaccination. Methods Based on the information system of suspected anaphylaxis vaccination, the cases of suspected vaccination anomalies reported in Nanshan District of Shenzhen City from 2005 to 2013 were collected and analyzed, and the relevant indicators were analyzed by descriptive method. Results A total of 600 suspected cases of abnormal immunization were reported in Nanshan District of Shenzhen City from 2005 to 2013, with ≤1 years old accounting for 42.50% and male to female ratio being 1.5: 1. In September, 92 cases (15.33%) reported the most cases. The general reaction of 436 cases, accounting for 61.1%, abnormal reaction in 139 cases, accounting for 23.17%. 282 (47.00%) occurred within 1 day of vaccination and 54.83% occurred on the first dose of the vaccine. 59.17% had fever symptoms, 32.67% had local redness, and 14.50% had local induration. Conclusions The monitoring of abnormal response to suspected vaccination in Nanshan District of Shenzhen Municipality has been gradually standardized. The abnormal reaction of suspected vaccination often occurs in young children. In the first dose and within 1 d after inoculation, monitoring is the key point.