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目的分析广州市番禺区人感染H7N9禽流感的流行特征和外环境监测结果,为防控H7N9禽流感工作提供科学依据。方法采用流行病学个案调查与描述性分析方法,收集2014-2015年番禺区出现的人感染H7N9禽流感确诊病例的流行病学调查资料,以及全区外环境监测点的监测资料。结果 2014-2015年番禺区共确诊6例人感染H7N9病例,均在2月份发病,死亡4例,发病前有活禽市场接触史5例;共采集外环境标本3 031份,检测阳性率为6.17%,肉菜市场、禽类批发市场、禽类养殖场检测阳性率分别为7.22%、2.04%、0.00%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);外环境标本阳性检出率与病例发病时间分布上一致。结论冬春季节是本地人感染H7N9禽流感易发季节,活禽市场暴露是危险因素,规范活禽交易是防控人感染H7N9禽流感的关键。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and external environmental monitoring results of H7N9 bird flu in Panyu District of Guangzhou City and provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of H7N9 bird flu. Methods Epidemiological case studies and descriptive analysis were used to collect epidemiological survey data of confirmed human cases of H7N9 avian influenza in Panyu district from 2014 to 2015 and monitoring data of environmental monitoring points outside the region. Results A total of 6 H7N9 cases were detected in Panyu district from 2014 to 2015, all of which were reported to have morbidity and mortality in February. There were 5 cases of contact history of live poultry before the onset of disease. A total of 3 031 external environmental samples were collected and the positive rate was 6.17% respectively. The positive rates of detection in the meat market, wholesale markets of poultry and poultry farms were 7.22%, 2.04% and 0.00% respectively, with significant difference (P <0.05). The positive detection rate of external environment specimens and the onset time of cases The same distribution. Conclusion The winter and spring seasons are the season in which H7N9 bird flu is infected by the local people. The live poultry market exposure is a risk factor. Regulating the live poultry transaction is the key to preventing and controlling human infection of H7N9 bird flu.