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近50年来,内蒙古东北部的年平均气温呈直线上升的趋势,年增温率为0.375℃/10a;多年平均降水量为399.5mm,最大值出现在1998年,增加率达21.27mm/10a;多年平均风速呈减小趋势,减小率为(0.20m/s)/10a。通过气侯变化状况与历史火灾次数的统计分析得出,在气候变暖的背景下,内蒙古东北部森林草原火灾次数从上世纪80年代初到1999年呈逐年递减趋势;2000年以后受高温干旱的影响,森林草原火灾呈逐年增加的趋势,尤其是森林火灾;引发森林草原火灾发生的火源雷击火和境外火次数明显增加,在人为火源中,吸烟和取暖做饭引发的火灾次数仍高居榜首;从地域分布上看,内蒙古东北部纬度高的地区气候暖干化的趋势比纬度低的地区明显;草原火灾的次数在减少,森林火灾的次数却在增加,尤其夏季雷击火灾的频次增加的更明显。
In the past 50 years, the annual average temperature in northeastern Inner Mongolia shows a straight-line rise with an annual temperature increase rate of 0.375 ℃ / 10a; the average annual precipitation is 399.5mm, with the maximum value appearing in 1998 with an increase rate of 21.27mm / 10a; The annual mean wind speed showed a decreasing trend with a reduction rate of (0.20m / s) / 10a. According to the statistical analysis of the climate change and the number of historical fires, it is concluded that in the background of climate warming, the number of forest and grassland fires in northeastern Inner Mongolia has been decreasing year by year from the early 1980s to 1999. After 2000, The fire intensities in forest steppe increased year by year, especially in forest fire. The number of lightning fires and fires outside the forest that caused the fire in forest steppe increased obviously. In the artificial fire source, the number of fires caused by smoking and heating still In terms of geographical distribution, the trend of warmer-dry climate in northeast latitudes in northeastern Mongolia is more obvious than that in low latitudes; the number of grassland fires is decreasing and the number of forest fires is increasing, especially in summer Increased more obvious.