Gastric stump carcinoma(GSC) following remote gastric surgery is widely recognized as a separate entity within the group of various types of gastric cancer.Gastrectomy is a well established risk factor for the development of GSC at a long time after the initial surgery.Both exoas well as endogenous factors appear to be involved in the etiopathogenesis of GSC,such as achlorhydria,hypergastrinemia and biliary reflux,Epstein-Barr virus and Helicobacter pylori infection,atrophic gastritis,and also some polymorphisms in interleukin-1 and maybe cyclo-oxygenase-2.This review summarizes the literature of GSC,with special reference to reliable early diagnostics.In particular,dysplasia can be considered as a dependable morphological marker.Therefore,close endoscopic surveillance with multiple biopsies of the gastroenterostomy is recommended.Screening starting at 15 years after the initial ulcer surgery can detect tumors at a curable stage.This approach can be ofspecial interest in Eastern European countries,where surgery for benign gastroduodenal ulcers has remained a practice for a much longer time than in Western Europe,and therefore GSC is found with higher frequency. Gastric stump carcinoma (GSC) following long gastric surgery is widely recognized as a separate entity within the group of various types of gastric cancer. Gastrectomy is a well established risk factor for the development of GSC at a long time after the initial surgery. But exoas well as endogenous factors appear to be involved in the etiopathogenesis of GSC, such as achlorhydria, hypergastrinemia and biliary reflux, Epstein-Barr virus and Helicobacter pylori infection, atrophic gastritis, and also some polymorphisms in interleukin-1 and maybe cyclo-oxygenase-2 . This review summarizes the literature of GSC, with special reference to reliable early diagnostics. In particular, dysplasia can be considered as a dependable morphological marker. Beforefore close endoscopic surveillance with multiple biopsies of the gastroenterostomy is recommended. Screening starting at 15 years after the initial ulcer surgery can detect tumors at a curable stage. This approach can be of special interest in Eastern Europe an countries, where surgery for benign gastroduodenal ulcers have remained a practice for a much longer time than in Western Europe, and therefore GSC is found with higher frequency.