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目的:探讨补充谷氨酰胺(Gln)对递增负荷训练游泳运动员血液谷氨酰胺水平的影响及其作用机制。方法:广东省游泳运动员12名,随机分为实验组(T,补充Gln,n=5)及对照组(C,n=7),进行为期2个月的递增强度负荷训练。实验前1天上午,运动员空腹采集肘静脉血,分别测定血浆Gln、Hb、血清CK及皮质醇(Cortisol);实验第29天(T组服用Gln第1天)晨,运动员空腹进行第2次血样采集与分析;即日起,T组2次大运动量训练结束后立即补充Gln(0.15g/kgbodymass),持续服用28天。分别于实验第36天(T组服用Gln第7天)和实验第57天(T组服用Gln第28天),对T、C组运动员进行血样分析。结果:所有运动员正常训练4周后,血浆Gln水平显著升高(P<0.01)。实验组服用Gln第28天,血浆Gln浓度显著高于服用Gln第7天(1317.64±401.445μmmol/Lvs.954.88±317.87μmmol/LP<0.05)。对照组训练5周后较训练4周时血浆Gln水平无显著性变化(1280.46±441.73μmmol/Lvs.1251.37±292.06μmmol/L,P>0.05),实验8周后,血浆Gln水平较5周时显著下降(1280.46±441.73μmmol/Lvs.891.64±322.37μmmol/L,P<0.05)。T组服用Gln7天后,皮质醇水平显著升高(P<0.01)。补充Gln后,T组Hb水平显著上升,CK水平显著下降,C组Hb、CK未见明显变化。结果表明,血浆Gln水平会随训练产生适应性变化,补充外源性Gln可以在一定程度上削弱由训练引起的血浆Gln水平下降的程度。
Objective: To investigate the effects of glutamine supplementation (Gln) on blood glutamine level in progressive load-trained swimmers and its mechanism. Methods: Twelve swimmers in Guangdong province were randomly divided into experimental group (T, Gln supplemented with n = 5) and control group (C, n = 7) for two months of intensive intensity load training. On the morning before the experiment, elbow venous blood was collected on an empty stomach, and plasma Gln, Hb, serum CK and Cortisol were measured respectively. On the 29th day of the experiment (Day 1 of group T taking Gln), athletes performed fasting for the second time Blood samples were collected and analyzed immediately; Gln (0.15g / kg body weight) was added immediately after 2 large exercise training sessions in group T, and continued for 28 days. The blood samples of T and C athletes were analyzed on the 36th day of experiment (the seventh day of taking Gln in group T) and the 57th day of experiment (the 28th day of taking Gln in T group). Results: After all the athletes trained for 4 weeks, the level of plasma Gln increased significantly (P <0.01). On the 28th day after taking Gln, the plasma Gln concentration in the experimental group was significantly higher than that on the 7th day after taking Gln (1317.64 ± 401.445μmmol / L vs.954.88 ± 317.87μmmol / Lp <0.05). The level of plasma Gin did not change significantly in the control group at 4 weeks after training for 5 weeks (1280.46 ± 441.73μmmol / Lvs. 1251.37 ± 292.06μmmol / L, P> 0.05) (1280.46 ± 441.73μmmol / Lvs.891.64 ± 322.37μmmol / L, P <0.05). After 7 days of Gln administration in T group, the level of cortisol was significantly increased (P <0.01). After Gln supplementation, the level of Hb in T group increased significantly, while the level of CK decreased significantly. There was no obvious change in Hb and CK in C group. The results showed that the level of plasma Gln with adaptive changes in training, supplementation of exogenous Gln can be reduced to a certain extent by training reduce the level of plasma Gln levels.