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目的 :了解上海市精神卫生中心住院病人现状并与既往比较。方法 :通过自拟调查表对住院病人一般情况及诊断情况进行调查 ,并与 1 978、1 982、1 995年的调查结果进行分析比较。结果 :住院病人年龄大于 40岁百分率较前有明显提高。无业和其它情况明显增高 ,特别是其它比率上升较快。离婚、丧偶比例逐年增大。脑器质性及躯体疾病所致精神障碍、精神发育迟滞诊断比率增多。结论 :离婚患者精神障碍发病率明显高于其他人群。加强对脑器质性和躯体疾病的防治可以降低精神障碍的发生率。
Objectives: To understand the current status of inpatients in the Shanghai Mental Health Center and compare it with the past. Methods : Self-designed questionnaires were used to investigate the general condition and diagnosis of inpatients. The results were compared with the results of the 1 978, 1 982, and 1 995 surveys. Results: The percentage of inpatients older than 40 years was significantly higher than before. Unemployment and other conditions have clearly increased, especially as other rates have risen faster. The proportion of divorces and widows has increased year by year. The diagnostic rate of mental disorders and mental retardation due to organic and physical diseases of the brain increases. Conclusion: The incidence of mental disorders in divorced patients was significantly higher than in other populations. Strengthening the control of brain organic and physical diseases can reduce the incidence of mental disorders.