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目的：探讨食管癌患者放疗前及放疗后外周血T细胞亚群的变化。方法：对36例患者和20例健康献血员用碱性磷酸酶抗碱性磷酸酶桥联酶标单克隆抗体法（简称APAAP）进行检测。结果：食管癌患者与正常对照比较CD+4细胞、CD+4/CD+8比值降低（P＜0．01）；CD+4细胞增高（P＜0．01）。放疗后与放疗前比较CD+3细胞、CD+8细胞降低（P＜0．01）；CD+4／CD+8比值增高（P＜0．05）。低于正常组CD+4/CD+8比值下限（1．75）的15例患者1年内复发或出现癌转移者的有11例（73．3％），高于比值的21例中仅有3例复发或出现癌转移（14．3％），两者差异显著（P＜0．001）。结论：食管癌患者细胞免疫水平降低；放疗可使免疫反应中CD+4/CD+8比值失调改善；CD+4／CD+8比值可作为预测食管癌预后的一个重要指标。
Objective: To investigate the changes of T lymphocyte subsets in patients with esophageal cancer before and after radiotherapy. Methods: 36 patients and 20 healthy blood donors were tested with alkaline phosphatase anti-alkaline phosphatase bridging monoclonal antibody (APAAP). RESULTS: The ratio of CD+4 cells and CD+4/CD+8 decreased in esophageal cancer patients compared with normal controls (P<0.01); CD+4 cells increased (P<0.01). After radiotherapy, CD+3 cells and CD+8 cells were decreased compared with those before radiotherapy (P<0.01); the ratio of CD+4/CD+8 was increased (P<0.05). Fifteen patients with recurrence or cancer metastasis within 1 year were lower than the lower limit of the ratio of CD+4/CD+8 in the normal group (1.75) (113.3%). Three cases had recurrence or metastasis (14.3%), and the difference was significant (P<0.001). Conclusion: The level of cellular immunity in patients with esophageal cancer is reduced. Radiotherapy can improve the imbalance of CD+4/CD+8 ratio in the immune response; CD+4/CD+8 ratio can be used as an important indicator to predict the prognosis of esophageal cancer.