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本文研究了土壤湿度、温度、酸碱度、土质等因子对向日葵黄萎病菌(Verticillium dahliae Kleb)生长的影响,结果表明引起向日葵黄萎病的大丽轮枝菌最适生长温度为25℃;最适的土壤p H值为6.0~7.0;最适宜生长的土壤类型为壤土;且在土壤湿度小于30%之时,随着土壤湿度的增加,病原菌生长加快;同时,在不同的土壤类型中接种向日葵黄萎病菌的试验结果表明黏土中种植的向日葵幼苗黄萎病的发生程度最重,病情指数为42.5;而沙土中种植的向日葵黄萎病发病最轻,病情指数仅为18.75。
In this paper, the effects of soil moisture, temperature, pH, soil quality and other factors on the growth of Verticillium dahliae Kleb were studied. The optimum growth temperature of Verticillium dahliae Kleb was 25 ℃. The soil p H value was 6.0-7.0. The soil type most suitable for growth was loam. When the soil moisture was less than 30%, the pathogen grew faster with the increase of soil moisture. At the same time, sunflower was inoculated into different soil types The results of Verticillium dahliae test showed that the incidence of Verticillium wilt was highest in sunflower seedlings planted in clay soil, with a disease index of 42.5. However, the incidence of Verticillium wilt was the lowest in the soil, with a disease index of only 18.75.