普世价值、理性、信仰和血缘被称为四大维系方式,人类社会经历了这四种维系方式。在不同的文化时代之所以会有不同的文学发展风貌,是因为不同的维系方式推动促进了文学价值的不同取向和不同的文化要求的形成。在认识文学发展成就和趋势的时候,从不同的维系方式出发,可以更加科学且清楚,还能克服很多弊端。 Universal values, reason, beliefs and blood are called the four ways of maintaining, and human society has experienced these four ways of sustaining. The reason why different literary development styles occur in different cultural times is that different modes of maintenance promote the different orientations of literary values ​​and the formation of different cultural requirements. In recognizing the achievements and trends in the development of literature, starting from different modes of maintenance can be more scientific and clear, and can also overcome many drawbacks.