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将鱼体和鱼鳍整体作为研究对象进行流场中受力分析对于研究鱼类本身高游动效率机理和仿生应用具有重要意义。以鲤鱼为研究对象,通过对鱼体的形体模型数学化,将特征数据导入FLUENT三维软件,结合鲤鱼的运动与形体特征进行建模,并将其模型置于来流方向平行于鱼体的流场中进行力学有限元数值计算。计算中物理场采用中心差分插值方法,流动模型采用标准两方程模型,结合具体参数进行了推导计算。通过计算发现X方向上所受阻力贡献度排名前三分别为鱼头部分的45%、鱼主体部分的29%以及鱼胸鳍部分的14%;鱼体部分在Y方向上所受升力贡献度排名前三分别为鱼胸鳍部分的47%、鱼主体部分的29%以及头部的14%;总合力为(-7.88×10-3,2.00×10-3,-5.87×10-5)N。计算结果表明在设计中考虑升力时应主要着重于鱼的前鳍以及鱼体部分的设计,考虑运行阻力时应着重于鱼头以及鱼体部分的设计。数值计算结果为仿生机器鱼的结构设计提供了一个良好的力学基础,对于提高仿生机器鱼的运动控制水平具有较好的指导价值。
It is of great significance to study the mechanism of high swimming efficiency and biomimetic application of the fish body and the fin as a whole in the field of flow stress analysis. Taking the common carp as the object of study, by mathematicalizing the body model of the fish body, the feature data was imported into the FLUENT three-dimensional software and combined with the movement and body characteristics of the common carp. The model was placed parallel to the flow direction of the fish Field mechanics finite element numerical calculation. In the calculation, the central differential interpolation method is used in the physics field. The standard two-equation model is adopted for the flow model, and the calculation is carried out based on the specific parameters. The results showed that the top three of the contribution to the resistance in the X direction were 45% of the head, 29% of the fish body and 14% of the fish pectoral part, respectively. The rank of contribution of the fish body in the Y direction The first three were 47% of the fish pectoral portion, 29% of the fish body portion, and 14% of the head portion, respectively. The total combined force was (-7.88 × 10-3, 2.00 × 10-3, -5.87 × 10-5) N. The calculation results show that when considering the design of lift, the design of the front fins and fish body should be mainly focused on the fish head, and the design of the fish head and body part should be emphasized in consideration of the running resistance. The numerical results provide a good mechanical basis for the structural design of bionic robot fish, which has a good guiding value for improving the motion control of bionic robot fish.