Objective:To study the protective effect of telmisartan on rats with renal failure and its mechanism.Methods:60 Wistar rats were chosen as study objective,and were divided into4 groups randomly:15 in group A(sham operation group).15 in group B(model group),15 in group C(telmisartan group) and 15 in group D(telmisartan+GW9962 group).The difference of survival rate,blood-urine biochemical indexes,renal pathological change,and the expression level of PPAR γ and nNOS were ompared.Results:After 12 weeks,the survival rate of group A was 93.33% (14/15),that of group B was 46.67% (7/15),that of group C was86.67% (13/15),that of group D was 60.00% (9/15),and the difference among 4 groups had statistical significance(P<0.05).After 1 week,the difference of Scr,that of BUN and that of24 h protein urine among 4 groups was not statistical significant(P>0.05);after 3 weeks,6 weeks and 12 weeks,these difference was statistical significant(P<0.05).The difference of blood-urine biochemical indexes,that of renal pathological change,and that of the expression level of PPAR γ and nNOS was statistical significant(P<0.05).Conclusions:Telmisartan has protective effect on renal failure caused by 5/6 nephrectomy,which might be relative to the expression level of PPAR γ and nNOS. Objective: To study the protective effect of telmisartan on rats with renal failure and its mechanism. Methods: 60 Wistar rats were chosen as study objective, and were divided into 4 groups randomly: 15 in group A (sham operation group) .15 in group B The difference of survival rate, blood-urine biochemical indexes, renal pathological change, and the expression level of PPAR γ and nNOS (model group), 15 in group C (telmisartan group) and 15 in group D were ompared. Results: After 12 weeks, the survival rate of group A was 93.33% (14/15), that of group B was 46.67% (7/15), that of group C was 86.67% (13/15) , that of group D was 60.00% (9/15), and the difference among 4 groups had statistical significance (P <0.05) .After 1 week, the difference of Scr, that of BUN and that of 24 h protein urine among 4 groups The difference of blood-urine biochemical indexes, that difference was statistically significant (P <0.05); after 3 weeks, 6 weeks and 12 weeks, of renal pathological change, and that of the expression level of PPAR γ and nNOS were statistical significant (P <0.05) .Conclusions: Telmisartan has protective effect on renal failure caused by 5/6 nephrectomy, which might be relative to the expression level of PPAR γ and nNOS.