The detection and removal of volatile organic compounds(VOCs)are of great importance to reduce the risk of indoor air quality concs.This study reports the rational synthesis of a dual-functional Janus nanostructure and its feasibility for simultaneous detection and removal of VOCs. The Janus nanostructure was synthesized via an anisotropic growth method, composed of plasmonic nanoparticles, semiconductors, and metal organic frameworks (e.g.,Au@ZnO@ZIF-8).It exhibits excellent selective detection to formaldehyde (HCHO, as a representative VOC) at room temperature over a wide range of concentrations(from 0.25 to 100 ppm),even in the presence of water and toluene mole-cules as interferences.In addition,HCHO was also found to be partially oxidized into non-toxic formic acid simultaneously with detection. The mechanism underlying this technology was unraveled by both experimental measurements and the-oretical calculations:ZnO maintains the conductivity,while ZIF-8 improves the selective gas adsorption;the plasmonic effect of Au nanorods enhances the visible-light-driven pho-tocatalysis of ZnO at room temperature.