不同载体上的基因,其遗传特点往往不同。在众多试题中,往往需要先探究基因的位置才能深入解题,或者试题通过设置特殊的背景材料,考查基因位置的甄别。探究基因位置的题型不仅考查了基本遗传学知识,而且还考查了分析、推理、综合和运用能力。从总体上说,基因可分为质基因与核基因,核基因分布在染色体上,质基因分布在叶绿体和线粒体上(动物细胞位于线粒体,植物细胞位于线粒体和叶绿体)。因而,探究基因的位置主要是判断基因是位于细胞核染色体上,还是位于细胞质中。如果已知位于染色体上,还要判断是常染色体上,还是性染色体(X、Y染色体)上;如果已知位于性染色体 Genes on different vectors often differ in their genetic characteristics. In many questions, often need to first explore the location of genes in order to solve problems, or questions by setting a special background material to examine the genetic location of the screening. Exploring the types of motifs not only examines basic genetics, but also examines the ability to analyze, reason, synthesize, and apply. Generally speaking, the genes can be divided into the qualitative gene and the nuclear gene, the nuclear gene is distributed on the chromosome, the gene is distributed on the chloroplast and the mitochondria (the animal cell is located in the mitochondria and the plant cell is located in the mitochondria and the chloroplast). Therefore, to explore the location of genes is mainly to determine whether the gene is located in the nuclear chromosome, or in the cytoplasm. If known on the chromosome, but also to determine whether the autosomal, or sex chromosomes (X, Y chromosome); if known to be located on the sex chromosome