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一、问题的提出 我国是一个多民族国家,在960万平方公里的土地上,生活着56个民族。我国少数民族人口约占全国总人口的8％,但其人口绝对数量达9000多万,这是一支不可忽视的力量。我国的民族问题从整体上可分为两大类,即少数民族聚居地区的民族问题和少数民族杂散居地区的民族问题。过去我们的民族工作对象和重点主要放在少数民族聚居地区(下称民族地区),随着我国改革开放形势的发展,不仅促进了民族地区社会经济文化的发展,而且打破了各民族的封闭状态,使各民族间的交往和接触日益频繁,越来越多的少数民族人口从民族地区走出来,散居于汉族和其他少数民族之间,从而使杂散居地区的民族问题日渐明显和重要,这种情况在城市更为突出。
First, the issue put forward China is a multi-ethnic country, 9.6 million square kilometers of land, living 56 ethnic groups. China’s ethnic minorities account for about 8% of the total population of the country, but its absolute population is more than 90 million. This is an indispensable force. As a whole, our ethnic issues can be divided into two major categories: ethnic issues in areas where ethnic minorities live in compact communities and ethnic issues inhabited by ethnic minorities. In the past, our ethnic work targets and focuses mainly onhabited areas inhabited by ethnic minorities (hereinafter referred to as ethnic areas). With the development of the reform and opening up in our country, not only has it promoted the development of social, economic and cultural areas in ethnic areas, but also has broken the closedness of various nationalities So that exchanges and contacts among various ethnic groups are increasingly frequent. More and more ethnic minorities are coming out of ethnic areas and scattered among the Han and other ethnic minorities, so that ethnic issues in the scattered areas become increasingly clear and important. The situation is more prominent in the city.