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目的探讨极低出生体重儿呼吸系统并发症的发生情况,认识呼吸监测的必要性。方法对近5年收治的96例极低出生体重儿临床资料进行回顾性分析,并按出生体重分为三组分别进行比较。结果呼吸窘迫综合征(RDS)42例(43.8%),呼吸暂停74例(77.08%),肺炎27例(28.1%),慢性肺疾病(CLD)4例(4.2%);治愈81例(84.4%);体重越低,RDS、呼吸暂停、肺炎的发生率越高,各组比较有显著差异(P<0.05)。体重≤1 000 g者病死率为27.2%,明显高于其他两组(6.67%和5.45%)。结论极低出生体重儿必须收入NICU病房密切监护,早发现并发症,早处理;表面活性物质的应用能减少RDS的发生,提高生存率。
Objective To investigate the incidence of respiratory complications in very low birth weight infants and to understand the necessity of respiratory monitoring. Methods The clinical data of 96 cases of very low birth weight infants admitted in the recent 5 years were analyzed retrospectively and divided into three groups by birth weight respectively. Results Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) was found in 42 cases (43.8%), apnea in 74 cases (77.08%), pneumonia in 27 cases (28.1%) and chronic lung disease (CLD) in 4 cases %). The lower the body weight, the higher the incidence of RDS, apnea and pneumonia. There was a significant difference between the groups (P <0.05). The case fatality rate ≤1 000 g was 27.2%, significantly higher than the other two groups (6.67% vs 5.45%). Conclusion Very low birth weight children must be closely monitored NICU ward, early detection of complications, early treatment; the application of surfactant can reduce the incidence of RDS and improve survival.