【摘 要】
:
Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) family members,which include TGF-βs,activins and bone morphogenetic proteins,are pleiotropic cytokines that elicit cell
【机 构】
:
Universit(a)tsklinikum Würzburg, Lehrstuhl für Tissue Engineering und Regenerative Medizin und Fraun
论文部分内容阅读
Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) family members,which include TGF-βs,activins and bone morphogenetic proteins,are pleiotropic cytokines that elicit cell type-specific effects in a highly context-dependent manner in many different tissues.These secreted protein ligands signal via single-transmembrane Type Ⅰ and Type Ⅱ serine/threonine kinase receptors and intracellular SMAD transcription factors.Deregulation in signaling has been implicated in a broad array of diseases,and implicate the need for intricate fine tuning in cellular signaling responses.One important emerging mechanism by which TGF-β family receptor signaling intensity,duration,specificity and diversity are regulated and/or mediated is through cell surface co-receptors.Here,we provide an overview of the co-receptors that have been identified for TGF-β family members.While some appear to be specific to TGF-β family members,others are shared with other pathways and provide possible ways for signal integration.This review focuses on novel functions of TGF-β family co-receptors,which continue to be discovered.
其他文献
Mutations in the oncogene BRAF(V600E) are found in ~10% of colorectal cancers (CRCs) and are associated with poor prognosis.However,BRAF(V600E) has a limited resp
梨园生草是一种先进的土壤管理制度,有利于增加土壤肥力,提高梨果产量和品质,确保生产的可持续发展,现已成为现代梨园地下管理的主要制度之一。本研究在梨园行间种植黑麦草(Lolium
1937年11月,徐特立被委任为八路军总司令部高级参议、驻湘代表,回湖南主持八路军驻湘通讯处工作,指导抗日救亡运动.为动员社会各界参与抗日救亡,徐特立在文化抗战方面做了大
‘琯溪蜜柚’原产福建省漳州市平和县琯溪河畔,是福建省平和县主要的农业经济支柱之一,也是我国蜜柚优良品种之一。‘红肉蜜柚’、‘红绵蜜柚’和‘三红蜜柚’均是琯溪蜜柚的红
装置艺术的思考模式结合数字媒体技术为技术载体创作作品,是先锋艺术思维引导数字媒体技术创作的方式.这种创作方式以改变创作思维为基础,从根本上激发学生思维,全方位提高学
文物资源作为历史文化的载体,担负着弘扬中华优秀传统文化的重任,在新时期背景下,如何活化利用文物资源成为重要的议题.本文以“寻找老莞城”文化一日游活动为例,通过这次活
神农仙茶(灵芝保健茶)是浙江省计经委1993年第二批工业新产品试制试产计划项目,由金华奥托康三友公司(原七一茶场)保健茶总厂负责试制,经该厂的积极努力,已试制完成,经过试
通过对艺术院校学生的思想政治教育现状及学生的思想特点分析研究,提出了艺术院校思想政治教育育人的对策思考.
Recently,Zhou et al.[1] revealed a hitherto unexpected mechanism in which mitochondrial permeability defines the impact of autophagy on aging in both Caenorhabd
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transcription is closely associated with chromatin remodeling.Retinoblastoma binding protein 4 (RBBP4) is a histone chaperone