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目的分析网络直报2006-2015年以来重庆市长寿区突发公共卫生事件流行特征及发展趋势,为制定防控策略提供依据。方法利用网络直报系统中突发公共卫生事件报告数据,采用描述性流行病学方法进行分析。结果 10年间,该区共报告突发公共卫生事件108起,发病2 373例,死亡7例,罹患率1.99%,死亡率0.29%。事件分级以未分级事件为主,为60起(55.56%),无重大和特重大事件报告。事件类型以传染病疫情为主,为97起(89.81%),排在前3位的是流感37起(34.26%)、流行性腮腺炎16起(14.81%)、水痘16起(14.81%),其次是食物中毒10起(9.26%)。地区分布以凤城街道事件最多,为25起(23.15%)466例(19.64%);病死率最高的是云台镇(6.90%),罹患率最高为龙河镇(7.22%)。时间分布以2009年事件起数最多,为40起(37.04%);发生时间主要集中在5月、9月和11月,3个月合计1415例(59.63%)。地点分布主要集中在学校,为92起(85.19%),其中小学47起(43.52%)。死亡病例以狂犬病为主,为3例(42.86%)。结论长寿区突发公共卫生事件以传染病和食物中毒为主。发生场所主要在学校,尤其是小学。传染病事件以流感、流行性腮腺炎和水痘等呼吸道传染病为主。因此应加强流行季节呼吸道传染病的防治,加强犬只管理,加强食品卫生安全的宣传教育和监管,高度重视学校突发公共卫生事件防控工作,加强各级医疗卫生人员的培训。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and development trend of public health emergencies in Changshou District of Chongqing since 2006-2015, and to provide the basis for making prevention and control strategies. Methods Using the report data of public health emergencies in the network direct reporting system, the descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the data. Results During the 10 years, a total of 108 public health emergencies were reported in this district, with 2 373 cases and 7 deaths. The attack rate was 1.99% and the mortality rate was 0.29%. The grading of the events was mainly unfranked events, 60 (55.56%), with no major or extraordinary events reported. The incidence of infectious diseases was 97 (89.81%). Among the top three, 37 were influenza (34.26%), 16 from mumps (14.81%) and from 16 (14.81%) from chicken pox. , Followed by food poisoning 10 (9.26%). There were 25 cases (19.15%) of 466 cases (19.64%) in Fenghuang streets. The highest case fatality rate was Yuntai town (6.90%) with the highest attack rate being Longhe town (7.22%). The distribution of time was the highest in 40 events in 2009 (37.04%). The occurrence time was mainly in May, September and November, with a total of 1415 cases (59.63%) in 3 months. The distribution of locations was mainly in schools, 92 (85.19%), of which 47 were primary schools (43.52%). Rabies was the main cause of death in 3 cases (42.86%). Conclusion The main public health emergencies in Changshou District are infectious diseases and food poisoning. Occurrence places mainly in schools, especially primary schools. Infectious diseases are mainly respiratory infections such as influenza, mumps and varicella. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen prevention and control of respiratory diseases in epidemic season, strengthen dog management, strengthen publicity, education and supervision of food hygiene and safety, attach great importance to the prevention and control of public health emergencies in schools, and strengthen the training of health personnel at all levels.