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汉画像石是我国汉代重要的历史文化载体,徐州出土的东汉时期“汉代河图”画像石,记录了汉代人所绘制的河图的真实面目:河图的产生与上古天文历法和宇宙观有着极为密切的关系。作为一种图式,它是上古时代“观日测时”的图像记录,其基本构图源自五千年前良渚文化祭坛(即天文台)平面图,即日晷的原始形态;作为一种文化产物,它记载了河图从远古到汉代产生和发展的历程,即由上古天文历法的图像记录——八卦的产生——以周易哲学思想为主导的易图——汉代河图的确立。“汉代河图”充分体现了《周易》简易、变易、不易的特性,是汉代象数易学立象尽意的代表作,是早期易图学的经典作品,同时也是汉画像石艺术之杰作。据笔者考证,这幅“汉代河图”是目前唯一存世的汉代同类作品。
Han Dynasty portrait stone is an important historical and cultural carrier of Han Dynasty in China. The Eastern Han Dynasty unearthed “Han Dynasty River Picture” portrait stone unearthed in Xuzhou records the true appearance of the river pictures drawn by the Han Dynasty people: the generation of river pictures and the ancient astronomical calendar and cosmology Has a very close relationship. As an illustration, it is an image record of the ancient times when observing the sun and the time of day. Its basic composition is derived from the plan of the Liangzhu Culture altar (ie the Observatory) 5,000 years ago, that is, the original form of the sundial. It describes the process of the river chart from ancient times to the birth and development of the Han Dynasty, that is, the recording of images of ancient astronomical calendar - the birth of gossip - the easy chart that is dominated by the thought of the Book of Changes. “Han dynasty river map ” fully embodies the characteristics of the Book of Changes, which are easy, changeable and difficult. It is the representative of the elephant in the Han Dynasty, and is the classic work of the early Yi Tu Xue. It is also the masterpiece of Han Dynasty stone figure art . According to the author research, this “Han River map ” is the only surviving Han Dynasty similar works.