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【目的】研究番茄源库协调下冠层叶面积分布、叶倾角、光透过系数等指标的变化,探讨叶片空间配置对冠层结构的影响及与群体光合生产,为温室番茄“矮、密、早”高产栽培提供理论支持。【方法】通过源库协调整枝,系统测定源库协调期叶面积指数、叶倾角、光透过系数等指标的空间分布,结合冠层群体光合速率的变化及光合生产与分配。分析温室番茄源库协调下冠层光分布特征及群体光合生产。【结果】源库协调下,从第2穗花序下换头冠层叶面积指数(LAI)在上层叶、中层叶均在2以上,叶面积指数分布比例高,平均叶簇倾斜角表现为:下层叶>上层叶>中层叶>发育叶,下部茎叶夹角相对较大,群体直射辐射和散射辐射透过系数较小,番茄冠层群体辐射透过系数一直处于较适宜的范围,在0°~360°内叶分布较为均匀,消光系数从下层叶至表层叶逐渐减小,表层叶位没有“午休”现象,上层叶表现出轻微午休特性,中、下部叶位光合速率明显高于对照(CK);植株鲜物质分配到根和果实中的比例分别比对照(CK)高19.2%、8.2%,干物质主要分配到果实,其干重分配比例比对照(CK)果实中高18.6%,群体光合在根和果实中生产,在果实中累积较多,有利于经济产量的形成。【结论】从第2穗花序下换头群体叶面积配置光分布较均匀,源库协调下冠层中部有较好的透光性,冠层底部漏光损失较小,整个冠层仍维持了较高的群体光合速率。促进了光合物质积累,冠层各层次的叶源与光分布的比例吻合程度高,保证了光能的有效利用,温室番茄冠层光合生产效率的继续提高主要依赖于冠层光照条件的改善,可通过整枝技术的改良来实现。
【Objective】 The objective of this study was to investigate the changes of canopy leaf area, leaf inclination angle and light transmission coefficient under the coordination of tomato source and sink. The effects of leaf space configuration on canopy structure and population photosynthesis were discussed. Dense, early "high yielding cultivation to provide theoretical support. 【Method】 The pruning was coordinated by source library. The spatial distribution of leaf area index, leaf inclination angle, light transmittance coefficient and other indicators during the coordination of source and sink library were determined. The photosynthetic rate and photosynthetic production and distribution of canopy were studied. Analysis of canopy light distribution characteristics and population photosynthetic production under coordination of greenhouse tomato source stocks. 【Result】 Under the coordination of source and sink, leaf area index (LAI) under the second ear inflorescence was above 2 in the upper and middle leaves, leaf area index distribution was high, and the average leaf tilt angle was: The angle between the lower leaves> the upper leaves> the middle leaves> the developmental leaves and the lower stems and leaves was relatively large, and the transmission coefficient of the direct radiation and the scattered radiation of the population was relatively small. The radiation transmission coefficient of the tomato canopy population was always within the appropriate range. The distribution of the inner leaves from ° to 360 ° is more uniform, the extinction coefficient decreases from the lower leaves to the surface leaves, and there is no phenomenon of ’midday depression’ in the surface leaves. The upper leaves show a slight midday break, and the photosynthetic rate in the middle and lower leaves is significantly higher (CK). The ratio of plant fresh matter to root and fruit was 19.2% and 8.2% higher than that of CK respectively. The dry matter was mainly distributed to the fruit, and its dry weight distribution was 18.6% higher than that of the CK %, Group photosynthesis in the root and fruit production, accumulated more in the fruit, is conducive to the formation of economic output. 【Conclusion】 The light distribution of the leaf area of the extant population under the second ear inflorescence was more uniform, the light transmittance was better in the middle of the canopy under the coordination of source and sink, and the light leakage loss at the bottom of the canopy was smaller. High population photosynthetic rate. Promoted the accumulation of photosynthetic materials, and the high coincidence of leaf source and light distribution at all levels of the canopy ensured the efficient use of light energy. The continuous improvement of the canopy photosynthetic production efficiency in greenhouse mainly depended on the improvement of canopy illumination conditions, Can be achieved through the improvement of pruning technology.