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拍卖是我国地方政府配置公共资源的常用手段,涉及多方利益的冲突与平衡。公共资源拍卖属于特许行政许可的范畴,通过行政许可进行配置的公共资源需以“有限”为前提,即属于需求紧缺的公共资源。公共资源拍卖必须严格遵守拍卖法定原则,哪些资源可以拍卖、由谁拍卖、怎样拍卖,须由法律明确规定。公共资源的拍卖范围可作出禁止拍卖类、鼓励拍卖类与允许拍卖类的具体划分。基于消费者福利免遭实质性损害的考虑,政府可以对公共资源的拍卖价格进行干预,同时,公共资源拍卖收益的使用应当纳入法律监管范围。
Auction is a common method used by local governments to allocate public resources in our country. It involves the conflict and balance of multi-stakeholder interests. Public resources auctions belong to the category of franchising permit. Public resources allocated through administrative licensing need to be “limited”, which is a public resource in short supply. Public resources auction must strictly abide by the legal principles of auction, which resources can be auctioned, by whom the auction, how the auction must be clearly defined by law. The scope of the auction of public resources can be banned auction category, to encourage the auction category and allow the auction of the specific classification. Considering that consumer welfare is not substantially harmed, the government can intervene in the auction price of public resources. At the same time, the use of public auction proceeds should be covered by law.