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本文详细讨论探测表面低照度物体的CCD成象系统的设计及其构造。特别是杜瓦瓶和CCD电子线路的设计以及CCD工作电压、时钟同步关系及操作温度的选择。此外,还介绍了薄型RCA SID 53612(320×512象元)的输出和空间噪声的测量。这种芯片的读出噪声为64个电子,并且,在基本无瑕疵和亮星成象情况下,得到势阱深度超过350,000个电子。在CCD片子中心,拖尾电荷的临界值为300个电子,而且在最先读出的芯片区域基本上为零。在宽频带光照射下,一般的夜空扫描只在红外区(～8700),约为夜空背景的2％。在不同夜晚进行偏平视场微弱曝光,其结果是相互一致的。其间在大范围内,背景的变化由十万分之一到千分之几,而零背景在一夜间可稳定在±10个电子。该系统在整个波段范围内是呈线性的。因而,利用基准星,通常可以进行光度测定,其精度高于0.8％
This article discusses in detail the design and construction of a CCD imaging system for detecting low-illuminance objects on the surface. In particular Dewar bottle and CCD electronic circuit design and CCD working voltage, clock synchronization and the choice of operating temperature. In addition, the output of the thin RCA SID 53612 (320 × 512 pixels) and the measurement of spatial noise are introduced. The chip reads 64 electrons in noise, and yields well depths of more than 350,000 electrons in the basic absence of flaws and bright star imaging. In the center of the CCD film, the tailing charge has a threshold of 300 electrons, and the area of the chip that is read first is essentially zero. Under broadband light illumination, a typical night-time scan is only in the infrared (~ 8700), about 2% of night sky background. Faint exposure of flattening field at different night, the result is consistent with each other. In the meantime, in a wide range, the background changes from one hundred thousandth to several thousandth, and the zero background can be stabilized at ± 10 electrons overnight. The system is linear over the entire band. Thus, with reference stars, photometry can usually be performed with an accuracy of more than 0.8%