本文报告３例结节性多动脉炎合并神经系统损害均具有体重减轻、肾、消化系统损害及血白细胞与血小板增多。其中２例还有发热及心脏损害，３例均合并有神经系统损害（２例合并有周围神经病，１例合并有多发性肌炎）。１例为组织活检所证实，另２例虽缺组织活检及血管造影资料（家属拒绝），但根据国内外学考提出的诊断标准仍可诊断为结节性多动脉炎。 This article reports 3 cases of polyarteritis nodosa combined with nervous system damage have weight loss, kidney, digestive system damage and white blood cells and thrombocytosis. There were 2 cases of fever and heart damage, 3 cases were associated with nervous system damage (2 cases with peripheral neuropathy, 1 case complicated with multiple myositis). One case was confirmed by biopsy and the other two cases were diagnosed as nodular polyarteritis according to the diagnostic criteria proposed by the academic test at home and abroad despite the lack of biopsy and angiographic data.