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目的阐明中美两国综合性医院急诊医学科道路交通伤患者的异同点,为两国在道路交通伤医教研方面的合作提供新思路。方法选择浙江省人民医院和美国纽约州立大学上州医科大学两家大型综合性医院急诊医学科为调查研究单位,设计《道路交通伤调查问卷》(中英文版),调查方法为标准流行病学抽样调查。患者纳入标准为年龄≥18周岁的急诊道路交通伤患者,包括电动车、摩托车、汽车等机动车事故人员。计数资料以百分率(%)表示,Pearson卡方检验比较两国患者不同项目的差异,以P<0.05表示差异有统计学意义。结果共有399位道路交通伤患者入选分析,其中中国155人,美国244人。选择救护车转运的比例56.8%(中国)vs.80.7%(美国),P<0.001。中国颅脑损伤患者(27.1%)高于美国(11.1%),P<0.001。发生于汽车内的事故比例62.7%(美国)vs.12.3%(中国),P<0.001。美国影像学检查率明显高于中国,包括CT[79.1%(美国)vs.54.2%(中国),P<0.001]和普通X线检查[84.0%(美国)vs.65.8%(中国),P<0.001]。但两国的住院率、收住ICU比例、死亡率、急诊手术率等差异均无统计学意义。结论中国患者较少选择救护车来进行转运;骑电动车、摩托车和行人的比例高于驾乘汽车患者;颅脑损伤的比例远高于美国;影像学检查比例明显低于美国。
Objective To clarify the similarities and differences of road traffic injuries patients in the emergency medicine department of general hospitals between China and the United States and to provide new ideas for the cooperation between the two countries in the field of road traffic injuries and injuries. Methods Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital and the State University of New York at Shangzhou Medical University, two large-scale general hospital emergency medicine as research units, design “Road Traffic Injury Questionnaire” (in English), the survey method is standard epidemiology Sample survey Patients were enrolled in emergency road traffic injuries aged> 18 years, including motor vehicle accidents such as electric vehicles, motorcycles and automobiles. Counting data is expressed as a percentage (%). The Pearson chi-square test compares the differences between the two countries in terms of different items, and the difference is statistically significant at P <0.05. Results A total of 399 road traffic injuries were included in the analysis, of which 155 were in China and 244 were in the United States. 56.8% (China) vs. 80.7% (United States), P <0.001 for ambulance transport. Patients with craniocerebral injury in China (27.1%) were higher than those in the United States (11.1%), P <0.001. The percentage of accidents that occurred in motor vehicles was 62.7% (United States) vs. 12.3% (China), P <0.001. The imaging examination rate in the United States was significantly higher than that in China, including CT [79.1% (United States) vs.54.2% (China), P <0.001] and plain radiography [84.0% (United States) vs.65.8% [China] <0.001]. However, there was no significant difference in hospitalization rates, ICU admission rates, death rates, emergency surgery rates in both countries. Conclusions Chinese patients are less likely to choose ambulances for transport. The proportion of riding electric vehicles, motorcycles and pedestrians is higher than that of driving motor vehicles. The proportion of head injury is much higher than that of the United States. The imaging examination rate is significantly lower than that of the United States.