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短篇小说《游泳者》是美国小说家约翰·契弗的代表作之一,其中蕴含着年轻与衰老、快乐与悲伤、幻想与现实这三个最重要的二元对立结构。二元对立原则作为结构主义分析法的核心,能够帮助读者直接准确地理解文本如何产生意义,这些意义如何传递作者对社会的看法和人生观。深入分析这三个二元对立结构,有助于揭示契弗通过在各方面成功地运用二元对立的结构原则来加强小说的艺术感染力,深化主题并真实地反映当时美国中产阶级的社会现状。
The short story swimmer is one of the representative works of the American novelist John Cheever, which contains the three most important binary opposition structures of youth and aging, happiness and sadness, fantasy and reality. The principle of binary opposition, as the core of structuralist analysis, can help readers to understand directly and accurately how texts have meaning. How these meanings convey the author’s views on society and outlook on life. An in-depth analysis of these three structures of duality helps reveal that Chevron strengthened the artistic appeal of the novel by successfully using the structural principles of duality in all aspects, deepening the theme and truly reflecting the current social status of the middle class in the United States .