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目的了解流动儿童预防接种现状及影响因素,为提高适龄儿童疫苗免疫接种率提供依据。方法采取逐户走访、查阅接种证与接种簿等方法,调查流动儿童建卡率、建证率、12月龄五苗覆盖率情况,并对儿童家长预防接种知识、态度、行为等进行问卷调查。结果 163名流动儿童中,建证率为98.16%,建卡率96.93%;五苗覆盖率79.75%,与同期常住儿童比较,差异有统计学意义。流动儿童家长文化程度大多在初中及以下,82.82%的家长知道孩子要打预防针,仅20.86%的能说出1～2种疫苗名称,1.23%的知道有一类疫苗和二类疫苗之分,9.82%的知道办理接种证免费。98.16%的家长愿意孩子接种疫苗,96.93%的在接到通知后会带小孩去接种。预防接种相关知识主要来源于接种医生。85.28%的家长对接种单位工作人员服务态度表示满意。结论流动儿童五苗覆盖率低于常住儿童,应采取针对措施,加强预防接种知识宣传和流动儿童免疫规划管理。
Objective To understand the current situation and influencing factors of vaccination for migrant children and provide evidence for raising the vaccination rate of children of school-age children. Methods The method of house-to-house visits, access to vaccination certificates and vaccination books was used to investigate the rate of children’s card-making, the rate of establishing cards and the coverage rate of five-seedlings at 12 months of age. Questionnaires were also conducted on the knowledge, attitude, behavior, . Results Among 163 migrant children, the rate of establishing card was 98.16% and the rate of establishing card was 96.93%. The coverage rate of five seedlings was 79.75%. Compared with the resident children of the same period, the difference was statistically significant. Most of the parents of migrant children have education at junior high school and below, 82.82% of them know that their children should be vaccinated, only 20.86% can name one or two vaccines, 1.23% know that there is one type of vaccine and two types of vaccines, 9.82% know for vaccination certificate free. 98.16% of parents are willing to vaccinate their children, and 96.93% of them will bring their children for vaccination after receiving the notification. Vaccination related knowledge comes mainly from vaccination doctors. 85.28% of parents expressed their satisfaction with the service attitude of staff in vaccination units. Conclusion The coverage rate of migrant children with five seedlings is lower than that of the resident children. Measures should be taken to strengthen the knowledge of immunization and the management of immunization programs of migrant children.