根据生统遗传学基本原理，提出谷类作物种子性状双列资料［包括ｐ２和ｐ（ｐ＋１）／２双列与ｐ＋ｑ＋２ｐｑ和ｐ＋ｑ＋ｐｑ不完全双列］遗传分析的新方法。各种资料都可以测验和估计加性方差σ２ｄ，显性方差σ２ｈ，误差方差σ２ｅ，平均加性效应［ｄ］，平均显性效应［ｈ］以及性状的遗传控制系统（即受母体或胚乳基因型控制）。ｐ２和ｐ＋ｑ＋２ｐｑ双列还能测验和估计细胞质效应ｃ和方差σ２ｃ；ｐ＋ｑ＋２ｐｑ和ｐ＋ｑ＋ｐｑ双列又可测验和估计两组亲本的遗传背景差异［ｍ］。用大麦籽粒中麦胶含量的一个实例演示了ｐ（ｐ＋１）／２双列资料的分析程序 According to the basic principles of traditional genetics, a new method for genetic analysis of the binary traits of cereal crops [including the p2 and p (p + 1) / 2 doublets and the incomplete double tracts of p + q + 2pq and p + q + pq) was proposed. Various data can be tested and estimated additive additive σ2d, dominant variance σ2h, error variance σ2e, the average additive effect [d], the average dominant effect [h] and trait genetic control system (that is affected by the mother or endosperm gene Type control). The p2 and p + q + 2pq doublets also test and estimate the cytoplasmic effects c and the variance σ2c; the genetic background differences between the two parental groups can also be tested and estimated in the p + q + 2pq and p + q + pq doublets [m]. An example of the content of wheat germ in barley grain demonstrates the analytical procedure for the p (p + 1) / 2 double-row data