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为给结构设计风荷载取值提供依据,本文根据1971~2000年全国707座气象基站的观测资料,研究下击暴流的时空分布特性。首先,通过分析下击暴流发生天数的年变化和月变化以及初终期,获取下击暴流的时间分布特性。其次,考虑下击暴流发生天数和持续时间的空间分布,依据发生天数年平均值提出下击暴流风荷载设计的分区方法。最后统计计算各分区的下击暴流发生天数、持续时间及发生频率。为减少风灾损失,建筑结构风荷载计算中应考虑下击暴流的影响。
In order to provide the basis for the wind load value of structural design, this paper studies the space-time distribution characteristics of the downburst based on the observation data of 707 meteorological stations in China from 1971 to 2000. First, the time distribution of downburst was obtained by analyzing the annual and monthly variations of the number of downbursts and the initial period. Secondly, considering the spatial distribution of days and durations of strikeout, the zoning method of windward load of strikeout storm is proposed based on the annual mean of days of occurrence. Finally, the statistical calculation of the district of the storm hit the number of days, duration and frequency of occurrence. In order to reduce the loss of wind disaster, the influence of downburst should be considered in the calculation of wind load of building structure.