目的　探索适合中国国情的危重新生儿转运模式与方法。方法　对我院转运的 12 10例危重新生儿进行回顾性研究 ,并对新生儿转运系统 (NETS)内的 19家基层医院新生儿病死率进行分析。结果　本组病例转运单程多在 5～ 10 0公里 (占 97 7% ) ,最远 2 0 0公里 ;往返时间一般 0 5～ 4 0小时 ,最长 12小时。转运成功率、转运途中病死率、转运病死率、总治愈率和病死率分别为 93 2 %、0 3%、1 4%、96 4%和 6 7%。 19家基层医院新生儿病死率由 1994年的 17 9%降低至 1997年的 9 3 %。结论　在新生儿加强医疗病房基础上 ,与基层医院密切联系 ,建立NETS ,采用地面双程转运方式进行新生儿转运 ,是适合我国国情的危重新生儿转运模式 Objective To explore the mode and method of critical neonatal transit suitable for China’s national conditions. Methods A retrospective study was performed on 12 10 critically ill neonates transplanted in our hospital. Neonatal mortality was analyzed in 19 primary hospitals within the neonatal transport system (NETS). Results In this group, the number of one-way transhumations was 5 ~ 100 km (97.7%) and the longest 200 km; the round-trip time was generally 0 5 ~ 40 hours and the maximum was 12 hours. The success rate of transshipment, fatality rate, transit mortality, total cure rate and fatality rate were 93 2%, 0 3%, 14 4%, 96 4% and 67% respectively. The neonatal mortality rate in 19 primary care hospitals dropped from 17 9% in 1994 to 93% in 1997. Conclusion Neonatal intensive medical ward, based on the close contact with the primary hospital, the establishment of NETS, the use of ground transit transport of newborns, is suitable for China’s national conditions critical newborn transport mode