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在刑事司法实践中,程序类情况说明因其法律性质定位不明、证据能力界定不清、证明力评价标准随意而饱受质疑。新刑事诉讼规则体系所构建的以非法证据排除和瑕疵证据补正为核心的程序性裁判,因其所指向证明对象的不同而存在着自由证明与严格证明的分野。针对不同的证明对象及其所要求的证明方式,应对程序类情况说明所必须具备的规范性程度予以分级,满足相应要求的情况说明才具备证据能力。
In the practice of criminal justice, the description of procedural situations is not clear because of its legal nature, the definition of evidence ability is unclear, and the evaluation standard of proving power is arbitrary and questioned. The procedural judgments built on the new system of criminal procedure rules based on the exclusion of illegal evidences and the correction of defective evidences exist because of differences in the objects they prove to be subject to the distinction between free proof and strict proof. For different objects of proof and the required proofs, the degree of normativeness necessary for the description of the procedural situations should be graded, and the circumstances that satisfy the corresponding requirements can not be substantiated.