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本文从语段的角度对法语动词复合时态句的助动词选择进行解释,提出论元结构的完整性与助动词的选择存在相关性,动词是否具有外论元对助动词选择和过去分词一致关系起关键作用。当动词带有外论元时,其轻动词投射具有及物性,构成语段(v*P),须选择助动词avoir。该类动词在语段形成后,v*P语段中心语的补足语部分,即动词过去分词和内论元被移交到语义和语音部门,过去分词不需要与其他成分形成一致关系。当动词不带外论元时,其轻动词投射(v P)具有不及物性,不构成语段,复合时态的助动词选être。此时的动词内论元逐步移位至Spec-T位置并取值主格,并给φ特征不完备的T和过去分词赋值,因此过去分词与主语形成一致关系。
This article interprets the auxiliary verb choice of the French verb compound temporal clause from the perspective of the discourse, and points out that the integrity of the argument structure is related to the choice of the auxiliary verb, and whether the verb has the external argument key is the key to the consistency between the auxiliary verb and the past participle effect. When a verb with an extraterrestrial element, the light verb projection with and physical properties, constitute the segment (v * P), to be selected auxiliary verb avoir. After the verbs are formed, the complements of the central v * P clause, that is, the past participles and the internal arguments of the verb, are handed over to the semantic and phonetic departments. The past participle does not need to form a consistent relationship with other components. When the verb does not carry the extrapolated element, its light verb projection (v P) has less than physical properties, does not constitute a segment, complex tense auxiliaries selected être. At this point, the argument in the verb is gradually shifted to the Spec-T position and the value of the main lattice, and to the incomplete character T and the past participle assignment, so the past participle form a consistent relationship with the subject.