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(一)联系和对比问题在我们进行爱国主义当中,首先碰到的问题,就是‘联系实际’的问题,过去有很多历史教师,现在也有,强调在历史教学当中“联系实际”。如讲黄巢进入长安因受城市生活影响而腐化时,“联系”到三反运动中所揭露出来的贪污腐化的干部;讲“南宋统治阶级贪污行贿时,联系反贪污反浪费“(上海历史研究会教学计划——历史教学十八期二九页;测验太平天国革命失败原因时,要求学生“结合自己思想来批判享乐主义、宗派主义、名利主义及农民阶级本身的狭隘、保守、自私、散漫等落后性”。还有个别教师,为使学生瞭解封建的官制,而把封建的宰相和周总理比较。在这种陈腐的“联系”和“封比”的教学方法危害下,不知有多少教师给学生进行了一些机械的、荒谬的“联系”和“封比”,把只能生产於一定社会条件下的事
(1) Problems of Contact and Comparison In the course of our patriotism, the first problem we encountered was the question of “linking with reality.” In the past, there were many history teachers who nowadays also stress the importance of “linking reality” with history teaching. For example, when Huang Chao entered Chang’an and was corrupted by the influence of urban life, he “linked” to the corrupt and corrupt cadres exposed in the three anti-campaigns. He also mentioned “contacting the anti-corruption and anti-waste when the ruling classes of the Southern Song Dynasty embezzled and bribed them” (Shanghai Historical Research In the test of the failure of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, he asked his students to “criticize the narrow, conservative, selfish, spurious, etc. of hedonism, sectarianism, fame and profit, and the peasantry in combination with his own thinking. Backwardness. ”There are also individual teachers who compare the feudal prime minister to Premier Zhou for enabling students to understand the feudal official system and how many teachers are unaware of the dangers of this stale teaching of“ connection ”and“ closure ” Some mechanical, absurd “connections” and “closures” were given to students, leaving only those things that were produced under certain social conditions