亚急性硬化性全脑炎(SSPE)是由麻疹病毒引起的一种亚急性进行性的神经系统疾病。主要发生在儿童及青少年,临床表现为进行性智能衰退,以肌阵挛为主要特征的运动障碍和意识变化等。脑电图(EEG)呈现较特异的具有诊断意义的周期性同步性放电(PSD)。现将我院确诊的1例报告如下。 患儿男性,5岁,1992年3月始出现智能减退,反应迟钝,学习成绩下降;2个月后左口角流涎,身体向左跌倒发作,随后清醒及睡眠中出现肢体抽动,于同年8月11日入院。入院前20天言语困难,频繁扭转痉挛,即头颈、躯干向左扭转,每次持续1～2秒,数秒钟发作1次,睡眠时不消失。系足月顺产,8个月时曾患过麻疹。检查:神清,情感淡漠,发育正常,营养中等;内科系统未见异常,神经系统查见双眼向左凝视,扭转痉挛发作,间歇5秒钟1次。发作时肌张力增加,间歇期则减低,四肢腱反射亢进,病理反射(-)。血、脑脊液麻疹病毒抗体滴度增高,分别为180CFT和8CFT。肝功能及血常规正常,IgG、IgM增高。头颅MRI见桥脑、小脑、基底节、额叶非占位性效应的高信号。EEG听见:1992年8月11日EEG示睡眠各期生理波消失,各导联持续出现周期性同步波幅达250～400uV复合性慢波,周期时限1秒,间歇5秒。背景以弥漫性低中幅慢活动。9月5日复查EEG各导联仍示周期性放电,并见爆发性抑制。患 Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a sub-acute and progressive neurological disease caused by measles virus. Mainly in children and adolescents, the clinical manifestations of progressive decline in intelligence, with myoclonus as the main characteristics of movement disorders and changes in consciousness. Electroencephalography (EEG) presents a more specific diagnostic periodic periodic discharge (PSD). A case of hospital confirmed the following report. Children aged 5 years old, there began to decline in March 1992 intelligent, unresponsive, academic performance decreased; 2 months after the left mouth drool, the body fell to the left attack, followed by wakefulness and sleep in the limb twitch, in the same year in August Admission on the 11th. Difficulty in speech 20 days before admission, frequent reversal of spasticity, that is, head and neck, torso twist to the left, each lasting 1 to 2 seconds, a few seconds of seizures 1, sleep does not disappear. Department of full-term birth, eight months had had measles. Check: God clear, apathetic, normal development, moderate nutrition; no abnormalities in the internal medicine system, nervous system to see binocular left stare, reverse spasm attack, intermittent 5 seconds 1 time. Attack increased muscle tone, intermittent period is reduced, limb tendon hyperreflexia, pathological reflex (-). Blood, cerebrospinal fluid measles virus antibody titers increased, respectively 180CFT and 8CFT. Liver function and blood normal, IgG, IgM increased. Head MRI See pons, cerebellum, basal ganglia, frontal non-occupying effect of high signal. EEG heard: On August 11, 1992, EEG showed that the physiological wave disappeared in all stages of sleep, and the cyclic synchronization amplitude of each lead continued to fluctuate to 250-400uV composite slow wave. The cycle time was 1 second and the interval was 5 seconds. Background with diffuse low amplitude slow activity. September 5 review EEG each lead still showed periodic discharge, and see the explosive suppression. Suffering