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目的了解2008-2011年贵州省手足口病流行特点和规律,为手足口病的防控工作提供参考依据。方法利用疾病监测信息系统收集2008-2011年贵州省手足口病病例数据,描述其三间分布情况。结果 2008-2011年,贵州省共报告手足口病病例73 918例,报告重症病例1 127例,其中死亡69人。2008-2010年贵州省手足口病发病呈单峰形式,而2011年呈双峰,第二个高峰为47～49周。以婴幼儿、学生为主,男女比例为1.7:1,5岁以下儿童病例占89%。发病率较高的地区主要包括贵阳市、遵义市、安顺市及六盘水市。报告实验室诊断病例2 218例(占总病例数的3%),病原体以EV71阳性为主(占49%)。结论贵州省手足口病流行强度逐年增强,5岁以下儿童是发病主要人群,重症与死亡病例较往年有较大增加,EV71是引起重症与死亡的主要病原体。
Objective To understand the characteristics and laws of hand, foot and mouth disease in Guizhou province during 2008-2011, and provide reference for the prevention and control of hand, foot and mouth disease. Methods The disease surveillance information system was used to collect the data of hand-foot-mouth disease in Guizhou province from 2008 to 2011 and the three distributions were described. Results From 2008 to 2011, a total of 73 918 HFMD cases were reported in Guizhou Province, and 1 127 cases were reported, of which 69 were fatal cases. In 2008-2010, the incidence of HFMD in Guizhou province showed a monomodal pattern, while in 2011 it was bimodal with the second peak at 47-49 weeks. Mainly for infants and toddlers and students, the ratio of males to females is 1.7: 89% of children under 1, 5 years of age. High incidence areas include Guiyang City, Zunyi City, Anshun City and Liupanshui City. There were 2 218 laboratory diagnosed cases (3% of the total cases), and the most common pathogens were EV71 (49%). Conclusion The prevalence of HFMD in Guizhou Province has been increasing year by year. Children under 5 years of age are the main population of the disease. The number of severe cases and deaths has increased greatly compared with that of previous years. EV71 is the major cause of severe and severe death.