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目的了解夏邑县近4年疟疾发病情况,探索其发病规律和趋势,为有效地预防和控制疟疾提供依据。方法收集夏邑县2004年1月1日-2007年12月31日疟疾发病数据和同期相关调查资料,采用Excel和Ep i Info3.3.2进行统计和描述流行病学分析。结果2004年-2007年夏邑县共发生疟疾804例,疟疾发病大幅上升,病例数增加了53.75倍,发病率上升了56.60倍;病例中男女比例为1.19:1;从2006年开始全县各乡均有病例;发病集中于8月-10月份;农民和学生发病占总病例的95.11%(759/798);病例分布1岁以上各人群,15岁及以上发病占85.5%,70岁以上年龄发病率最高。病例从发病到就诊间隔5 d以上的占50%-90%;实验室诊断病例仅占0.34%-0.42%。结论自2004年以来夏邑县疟疾发病大幅上升,是周边地区疟疾扩散、当地人口流动、疟疾病例未及时就诊造成传染源的累积等因素综合作用的结果,应当加强各项防治措施遏制疫情蔓延并防止局部暴发流行的发生。
Objective To understand the incidence of malaria in Xiayi County in recent 4 years and to explore the regularity and trend of its occurrence and provide the basis for effective prevention and control of malaria. Methods The data of malaria incidence and related survey data collected from January 1, 2004 to December 31, 2007 in Xiayi County were collected and used for statistics and descriptive epidemiological analysis using Excel and Epi Info3.3.2. Results A total of 804 cases of malaria were found in Xiayi County from 2004 to 2007, the incidence of malaria increased significantly, the number of cases increased 53.75 times and the morbidity increased 56.60 times. The male-female ratio of cases was 1.19: 1. From 2006 onwards, The incidence was concentrated in August-October. The incidence of peasants and students accounted for 95.11% (759/798) of the total cases. Case distribution The population aged over 1 year accounted for 85.5% of the total population aged 15 years and over, over 70 years old The highest incidence of age. Cases from the onset to treatment more than 5 d accounted for 50% -90%; laboratory diagnosis of cases accounted for only 0.34% -0.42%. Conclusion The incidence of malaria in Xiayi County has risen sharply since 2004. It is the result of the combined effect of the spread of malaria, the local population movement and the accumulation of infectious sources in malaria cases that have not been timely treated in the surrounding areas. Various prevention and control measures should be taken to curb the spread of the epidemic Prevent the outbreak of local outbreak.