劳动学说是马克思列宁主义经济理论的组成部分。马克思主义从劳动发展史上找到了“了解社会一切历史的钥匙”①按照马克思的学说,每种生产方式都有自己的劳动社会属性。对于社会主义条件下,劳动和劳动关系的决定作用,马克思曾有过著名的论述。他指出:资本主义政治经济学和社会主义政治经济学的区别在于,前者是资本的政治经济学,而后者是劳动的政治经济学。②列宁创造性地发展了马克思主义劳动学说。 Labor theory is an integral part of Marxist-Leninist economic theory. From the history of labor development, Marxism has found “the key to understanding all the history of society.” ① According to Marx’s theory, each mode of production has its own social attributes of labor. For the decisive role of labor and labor relations under socialism, Marx had a well-known discourse. He pointed out: The difference between the political economy of capitalism and the socialist politics is that the former is the political economy of capital, while the latter is the political economy of labor. ② Lenin creatively developed Marxist labor theory.