自从马克思、恩格斯在《德意志意识形态》以及其他著作中对意识形态进行研究并创立马克思主义的意识形态学说以来,马克思主义的意识形态理论和审美意识形态理论已经经历了一个漫长的发展历程。普列汉诺夫是把马克思的历史唯物主义理论运用到美学和文化研究中来的先驱之一,他提出了“社会意识”的重要概念,认为不仅要研究文学作品本身,还要找出作品的社会意识根源。但是他并不是很成功,在运用过程中把马克思的历史唯物主义简单化了。其后是西方马克思主义的先驱卢卡奇,他对意识形态进行了深入的研究,为审美意识形态理论的发展作 Since Marx and Engels studied ideology in “German Ideology” and other writings and founded Marxist ideology, the Marxist theory of ideology and aesthetic ideology have undergone a long history of development. Plekhanov was one of the pioneers in applying Marxist historical materialism to the study of aesthetics and culture. He put forward the important concept of “social consciousness”, that he should not only study the literary works themselves but also find The origin of the social consciousness of the work. However, he was not very successful and simplified the historical materialism of Marx in his application. Later, Lukacs, the pioneer of Western Marxism, conducted an in-depth study of ideology to develop the theory of aesthetic ideology