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电离层D层探测一直是空间科学领域的难题.目前利用闪电为辐射源来探测D层是近年来国外学者研究的热点.从2011年开始,课题组自行组建了江淮流域6站同步闪电观测站网.基于该站网,本文实现了一种使用负地闪回击甚低频(VLF)辐射信号来探测电离层D层特性波动的方法.给出的一次雷暴过程中计算D层反射高度变化的个例分析结果验证了方法的有效性,同时结果显示:(1)日间电离层D层对负地闪回击VLF信号的等效反射高度基本介于60~75 km,总体上表现出与太阳天顶角一致的变化趋势;(2)D层等效反射高度的短时波动与太阳X射线爆发之间存在显著的负相关关系;(3)比对当地水平面上X射线辐射通量密度的变化曲线与D层反射高度曲线,显示后者相对前者存在3~4min的时间延迟.结果初步展现了具有事件定位和连续波形记录能力的闪电观测站网在电离层D层探测方面的巨大潜力.
D-layer ionosphere exploration has always been a difficult problem in the field of space science.At present, the use of lightning as a radiation source to detect D layer is a hot topic of foreign scholars in recent years.From 2011, the research group established its own 6-station synchronous lightning observation station Based on the station network, this paper presents a method to detect the characteristic fluctuation of ionosphere layer D by using the negative ground-stroke-back very low frequency (VLF) radiation signal.This paper presents a The results of the example analysis validate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The results show that: (1) The equivalent reflection height of D-layer ionospheric ionospheric back-ground VLF signals during the daytime is between 60 km and 75 km, (2) there is a significant negative correlation between the short-term fluctuations of the equivalent reflection height of D layer and the solar X-ray burst; (3) the change of the X-ray flux density over the local horizontal plane Curve and the D-layer reflection height curve, showing that the latter has a time delay of 3 ~ 4min compared with the former.The results show the great potential of the lightning observing station network with ionospheric D-layer detection with event location and continuous waveform recording capability.