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吸烟危害健康,控制烟草能有效改善人群健康已经成为全球共识。目前,上海居民吸烟率处于较高水平,二手烟暴露情况严重。运用人群归因健康效应评价理论,采用全球疾病负担研究吸烟导致疾病死亡的相对危险度,利用上海市全人群出生、死亡登记和上海市慢性病及其危险因素监测数据,定量测算烟草暴露对上海居民的健康损害。上海市每年近2万人死于吸烟和二手烟暴露导致的相关疾病,劳动力损失每年达4.4万人。为切实保护市民健康,应实施全面禁烟,提升上海城市公共卫生水平。
Smoking is a health hazard and controlling tobacco can effectively improve the health of the population has become a global consensus. At present, smoking rates in Shanghai are at a high level, and exposure to secondhand smoke is serious. Using the theory of population attribution health effects evaluation, the global disease burden was used to study the relative risk of smoking death caused by smoking. Based on the birth and death registration of whole population in Shanghai and the surveillance data of chronic diseases and risk factors in Shanghai, the quantitative analysis of tobacco exposure in Shanghai residents Health damage. Nearly 20,000 people in Shanghai die each year from related diseases caused by smoking and exposure to secondhand smoke, resulting in a labor loss of 44,000 people each year. In order to effectively protect the health of citizens, a total ban on smoking should be implemented to enhance Shanghai’s urban public health.