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目的初步探讨放射性指标超过《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749-2006)指导值生活饮用水的分析测定和评价。方法依据《生活饮用水标准检验方法放射性指标》(GB/T 5750.13-2006)和《水中放射性核素的γ能谱分析方法》(GB/T 16140-1995)等测量方法进行了测量,依据《电离辐射防护与辐射源安全基本标准》(GB 18871-2002)、参考世界卫生组织(WHO)《饮用水水质标准第4版》进行初步探讨分析和评价。结果 4件生活饮用水样品中有4件总α、3件总β活度浓度超过《生活饮用水卫生标准》(GB 5749-2006)指导值,进一步使用γ能谱分析方法测量了镭-226、钍-232、钾-40、铀-238和铅-210活度浓度,初步估算居民通过饮水所致年有效剂量均超过0.1 m Sv。结论超指导值生活饮用水应全面分析镭-226、钍-232、钾-40、铀-238、铅-210和钋-210等与总放水平相关的核素;尽快修订或制定超指导值生活饮用水的评价标准。
OBJECTIVE To investigate the analytical measurement and evaluation of radioactive indicators that exceed the guideline of drinking water health standard (GB 5749-2006). Methods The measurement was carried out according to the measurement methods of “Radioactive index of standard test method for drinking water” (GB / T 5750.13-2006) and “γ-ray spectrum analysis method of radionuclide in water” (GB / T 16140-1995) Ionizing Radiation Protection and Safety of Radiation Sources Basic Standard “(GB 18871-2002), with reference to the World Health Organization (WHO)” Drinking Water Quality Standard Version 4 “to conduct a preliminary analysis and evaluation. Results There were 4 total α and 3 total β activities in 4 samples of drinking water, which exceeded the guideline of ”Sanitary Standard for Drinking Water" (GB 5749-2006), and the radium-226 , Thorium-232, potassium-40, uranium-238 and lead-210 activity concentrations. The preliminary estimates of annual effective doses of drinking water by residents exceed 0.1 mSv. Conclusion Super-guideline drinking water should have a comprehensive analysis of radionuclide-226, thorium-232, potassium-40, uranium-238, lead-210 and polonium-210 nuclides related to the total release level; Drinking water evaluation criteria.