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转移是恶性肿瘤最显著的生物学特性之一,是危及患者生命和影响疗效的最主要因素,因而是肿瘤研究领域的热点。近代分子生物学研究所揭示的转移机制是由几个复杂的过程组成,其中原发灶癌细胞的脱离及迁移在肿瘤转移中发挥重大作用。转移是一系列有序事件的复杂过程,受到基因的调控。转移与肿瘤转移相关基因的激活或失活有关,转移基因是指直接促进转移发生的关键基因,其存在或表达增加会引起侵袭转移的发生,而转移抑制基因则发挥相反的作用。目前发现的肿瘤转移相关基因有nm23、cadherin、Thral、PGM21、Wnt3、Rara、mts-1、WDNM-1,2、TIMP-1,2、KAI1等。本文对属于细胞表面糖蛋白结构特异家族之一的转移抑制基因KAI1作一综述。 1 KAI1基因的分子生物学特征
Metastasis is one of the most prominent biological characteristics of malignant tumors, and it is the most important factor that threatens the lives of patients and affects the curative effect. Therefore, it is a hot spot in the field of tumor research. The metastasis mechanism revealed by the Institute of Molecular Biology in Modern Times is composed of several complex processes, in which the detachment and migration of primary tumor cells play a major role in tumor metastasis. Metastasis is a complex process of a series of ordered events and is regulated by genes. Metastasis is related to the activation or inactivation of tumor metastasis-related genes. Metastasis is a key gene that directly promotes metastasis. The presence or increased expression of metastasis can cause invasion and metastasis, while metastasis suppressor genes have opposite effects. The tumor metastasis-associated genes currently found are nm23, cadherin, Thral, PGM21, Wnt3, Rara, mts-1, WDNM-1, 2, TIMP-1, 2, KAI1, and the like. In this review, the metastasis suppressor gene KAI1, which is one of the cell family-specific glycoprotein structure families, is reviewed. 1 Molecular biological characteristics of KAI1 gene