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利用日本海洋调查船沿137°E断面8°N—1°S之间、1968—1985年每年1月份的海流实测资料,分析了该断面上赤道潜流的变化。资料表明,该处赤道潜流位于1°—2°N之间的温跃层中、下部,其单、双核结构均可出现,且下层流核之流速多大于上层流核。该处潜流1月年际变化明显,一般E1 Nino(简称EN)后期流速小于非EN时期。这主要是由于EN初期夏、秋季中太平洋信风风场发生变化,从而导致赤道及热带太平洋纬向压力梯度变化。此外,137°E赤道潜流与其两侧流的经向辐合关系密切,这表明了北赤道逆流和南赤道流对潜流的可能影响。
The changes of the equatorial undercurrent over the section were analyzed by using the oceanographic survey data of Japanese marine survey vessels along the 8 ° N-1 ° S section of 137 ° E and January-January of January 1968-1985. The data show that the equatorial current in this area is located in the middle and lower part of the thermocline between 1 ° -2 ° N, and its single and dual core structures can both appear, and the velocity of the lower core is much higher than that of the upper core. There are obvious changes in the interannual variation of the current undercurrent in January. Generally, the flow rate of later El Nino (abbreviated as EN) is less than the non-EN period. This is mainly due to changes in the wind field in the Pacific during the early summer and fall of EN, resulting in changes in the zonal pressure gradient in the equatorial and tropical Pacific. In addition, the 137 ° E equatorial underflow is closely related to the meridional convergence of the two sides of the equator, indicating the possible impact of the north equatorial countercurrent and the south equatorial flow on the undercurrent.