1953年初,在不断加剧的危机背景下“高度中央集权”的苏联政治体制达到了顶峰,斯大林葬礼那天登上主席台的赫鲁晓夫等人在接受了一笔沉重遗产的同时,也接受了改革的契机。赫鲁晓夫在其任职期间(1953—1964年),对苏联“高度中央集权”的政治体制采取了一系列改革措施。虽然,有的改革措施不乏创新之举,并取得了一定的成效,但是,如果从改革的目标——建立一个高度民主的社会主义政治体制来看,这次改革则是“一次不成功的试验”、 At the beginning of 1953, the “highly centralized” Soviet political system peaked in the midst of escalating crises. Khrushchev, who stepped onto the rostrum on the day of Stalin’s funeral, accepted a heavy legacy and accepted Opportunity for reform. During his tenure (1953-1964), Khrushchev took a series of reforms to the “highly centralized” political system of the Soviet Union. Although some reform measures are innovative and have achieved some results, if we look at the objective of the reform - to establish a highly democratic and socialist political system, this reform is “an unsuccessful experiment ”,