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目的探讨口岸入境集装箱熏蒸剂及有毒有害气体残留情况。方法对国内外开展集装箱有毒有害气体残留调查结果进行分析。结果国外研究显示有70%集装箱的有毒化学物质污染超过慢性参考暴露水平,有36%超过急性参考暴露水平阈值。苯和(或)甲醛污染程度超过熏蒸剂的4倍。溴甲烷及甲醛为国内集装箱超标的主要有害气体。结论口岸入境集装箱有毒有害气体残留对职业安全潜在的危害不容忽视,应加大口岸入境集装箱残留的有毒有害气体监测力度,从多方面着手提出确实有效的防控措施,确保口岸工作人员职业安全和公共卫生安全。
Objective To investigate the situation of container fumigants and poisonous and harmful gases in port. Methods The investigation results of toxic and harmful gases in containers at home and abroad were analyzed. Results Foreign studies showed that 70% of containers contaminated with toxic chemicals exceeded the level of chronic reference exposure and 36% exceeded the threshold of acute reference exposure. Benzene and / or formaldehyde pollution levels exceed fumigant 4 times. Methyl bromide and formaldehyde are the main harmful gases that exceed the standard of domestic containers. Conclusion The potential hazards of occupational safety and harmfulness caused by the residues of toxic and harmful gases entering the container at the port can not be ignored. Monitoring the toxic and harmful gases remaining in the containers entering the port should be stepped up and effective prevention and control measures should be put forward in various aspects so as to ensure the occupational safety of port staff and Public health and safety.