前列腺癌(Pca)是欧美男性泌尿生殖道最常见的恶性肿瘤之一,在美国男性肿瘤发病率中占第二位,在死于癌肿的原因中占第三位。近年来,发病率仍在逐渐上升,美国癌协统计1980年有66,000例新病人,22,000人死亡。到1985年测定为86,000个新病人,大约25,000名死于癌症。发病率在美国黑人最高(75人/10万/每年),日本人最低(2.5人/10万,每年)。由于Pca的发病隐蔽,发现时50％的病人已有转移,而早期诊断出就能改变治疗方案,延长生存期。现将近几年来有关诊断学方面的一些进展作一综 Prostate cancer (Pca) is one of the most common malignant tumors of the urogenital tract in Europe and the United States. It ranks second in the incidence of male cancer in the United States and third in the causes of death from cancer. In recent years, the incidence rate is still rising gradually. In the American Cancer Association statistics, there were 66,000 new patients and 22,000 deaths in 1980. By 1985 it was determined as 86,000 new patients and approximately 25,000 died of cancer. The incidence rate is highest in African Americans (75 people per 100,000/year) and the lowest in Japanese (2.5 people per 100,000 people per year). Since the incidence of Pca was concealed, 50% of patients had metastases when they were found, and early diagnosis can change the treatment plan and prolong survival. In recent years, we have made some progress in diagnostics