药物性肝损伤（DILI）是临床常见的药物不良反应之一，也是新药撤市的主要原因。DILI虽然总体发病率不高，但可对患者造成严重不良结果，甚至引起患者死亡，已成为欧美国家急性肝衰竭的主要原因。DILI的诊断是困扰临床医生的一个难题，药物再刺激可以作为诊断DILI的“金标准”，但是可能再次诱发肝衰竭，因此在临床中并不推荐使用。目前现有的关于DILI的实验诊断方法包括血清生物标志物诊断、基因诊断、评分量表诊断等。“,”Drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is one of the common adverse drug reactions in the clinic and is also the main reason for the withdrawal of new drugs from the market. Although the overall incidence rate of DILI is not high; however, it can cause severe adverse outcome and even death, and has become the core cause of acute liver failure in Europe and the United States. In addition, DILI diagnosis is a puzzling problem for clinicians. Drug re-stimulation can be used as the “gold standard” in the diagnosis of DILI, but it may re-induce liver failure, so it cannot be recommended for clinical use. Currently, laboratory diagnostic methods including serum biomarker, genetic testing, scoring scale, and so on are available for DILI.