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近来已注意到孕妇吸烟增加胎盘病理变化,如梗塞和早期剥离。烟草中的尼古丁和一氧化碳(CO)对胎盘和胎儿生长有直接毒性作用。超声学能够动态观察胎盘的渐进改变。胎盘成熟度一般从早孕的0级(无钙化)至孕晚期的Ⅲ级(广泛钙化)。胎盘钙化是其老化的表现。在非选择的人群中孕足月前的超声图很少发现Ⅲ级胎盘;孕40周及以后的发生率也少于30%。本文拟用超声图像研究孕妇吸烟和过早胎盘老化之间的关系。本文收集妊娠36周4天至37周3天的145例吸烟者和100例不吸烟者进行 B 型超声检查。均为低危孕妇:无服药史,无并发症,排除慢性或妊娠高血压、糖尿病、肾病及其它影响胎盘功能和胎儿生长的状况。吸烟者又分为 A 组(每天吸烟5～15支)
It has recently been noted that smoking by pregnant women increases the pathological changes of the placenta, such as infarction and early dissection. Nicotine and carbon monoxide (CO) in tobacco have a direct toxic effect on placental and fetal growth. Ultrasound can dynamically observe the progressive changes of the placenta. Placental maturity generally from the first trimester of pregnancy (no calcification) to the third trimester of pregnancy (extensive calcification). Placental calcification is a manifestation of aging. Ultrasonography in pre-pregnancy pregnancies in non-selected populations rarely found grade III placenta; the incidence was less than 30% at 40 weeks and beyond. This paper intends to study the relationship between smoking and premature placental aging in pregnant women using ultrasound images. This article collected from 36 weeks 4 weeks to 37 weeks 3 days of 145 smokers and 100 non-smokers for B-mode ultrasound. Low-risk pregnant women: no medication history, no complications, rule out chronic or pregnancy-induced hypertension, diabetes, kidney disease and other conditions that affect placental function and fetal growth. Smokers are divided into A group (5 to 15 cigarettes a day)