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近几年,在青岛市郊区平菇生产发生了一种严重的病害.这种病害的表现特点:当平菇菌丝发好或出菇后,便长出白色小点,逐渐长大连成一片呈瘤状,后期变成褐色。一旦出现这种现象,平菇子实体就不再发生,致使来年再种时再次为害。 1997年5～6月间,即墨市人事局引进国外智力办公室,邀请日本全国食用菌菌种办会常任顾问著名的食用菌专家大森清寿先生来我市讲学,解决了几年来困惑我们的难题。现根据大森先生对该病的论述(日语翻译莱阳农学院农化室主任随方功副教授)整理如下,供广大食用菌生产者参考。 1 大钮扣菇病菌在日本的发病历史 在日本,十多年前曾在原木香菇上发生过,使日本的养菇户吃了不少苦头,在日本被称之谓强烈有害菌。经过研究,这种病已经搞清楚,并且有了防治的办法。现在中国平菇栽培中所发现的这种有害菌,与日本在香菇上发现的有害菌属同一个种。 2 分类学地位及生物学特性 这种害菌的学名为Hypocrea pertata,属子囊菌纲,肉座菌目,肉座菌属,
In recent years, in the outskirts of Qingdao city flat mushroom production occurred a serious disease.The performance of this disease characteristics: when the mushroom mushroom hair good or fruiting, they grow white dots, gradually grow into a piece of Dalian Tumorous, later turned brown. Once this phenomenon occurs, mushroom fruiting bodies will no longer occur, resulting in the next year again when the victim again. From May to June 1997, the Personnel Bureau of Jimo introduced the Foreign Intelligence Office and invited the well-known expert on edible fungus from Japan’s National Edible Fungus Varieties Office to make lectures in our city to solve the difficult problems that confused us over the past few years. According to Omori’s discussion of the disease (Japanese translation of Laiyang Agricultural College, director of Agricultural Chemistry with Professor Gong Gong) as follows, for the majority of mushroom producers reference. A large button mushroom germs in Japan’s history of the disease in Japan, more than a decade ago in the wood mushrooms occurred on the mushrooms in Japan to eat a lot of suffering, is called in Japan that the strong harmful bacteria. After research, the disease has been clarified, and there are ways to prevent and cure. Now that the harmful bacteria found in the cultivation of Chinese mushrooms is the same kind as the harmful bacteria found in Japan’s mushrooms. 2 taxonomic status and biological characteristics of this harmful bacteria scientific name Hypocrea pertata, belongs to Ascomycete, Hypocreales, Hypocrea,